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Annual Report 2006-2007
International Science & Technology
Cooperation
1. Department of Science and Technology (DST) continued
with the execution of its mandated responsibility of (i)
negotiating, concluding and implementing Science and
Technology (S&T) Agreements at bilateral and regional
levels; (ii) providing interventions on S&T aspects of
multilateral bodies. This responsibility was carried out by
DST in close consultation, on the Indian side with Ministry of
External Affairs; Indian Missions Abroad; Science Counsellors
posted in Indian Missions located in USA, Germany, Japan,
Russia; S&T related Ministries and Sectoral Ministries of
Government of India; Indian Scientific Agencies and Indian
Science and Engineering Academies. There was a spurt in
engagement of Indian Industrial & Trade Associations for
building opportunities for shared strategic partnerships and
foreign collaborations in the realm of technology and
innovation.
2. India's S&T relations with other countries and
international bodies were guided by the principles
including
-
Leveraging international expertise (including Scientists
and Technologists of Indian Origin abroad- STIOs abroad),
financial resources, access to large scale advanced research
facilities and international mega-science projects, cross
border training opportunities for (i) strengthening
nationally important on-going research programs, (ii)
accelerating institutional and human capacity building vital
to India becoming a global player in knowledge based economy
(iii) reflecting on global practices relevant to technology
and innovation based demands and infrastructural
requirements;
-
Promoting international initiatives which may reflect
India's leadership in empowering developing countries in
S&T. in general.
3. During the year , DST along with its counterpart
agencies in other countries, regional bodies and international
organizations, co-sponsored /undertook a spectrum of
cooperative actions such as : (i) Exploratory scientific and
ministerial missions; (ii) Joint workshops; (iii) New
bilateral mechanism for joint research and technology
development with co-investment of resources including
financial, for strategic partnerships of India with selected
countries ; (iv) Joint research projects; (v) Joint Research
and Development (R&D) Centres, (vi) Networking of centres
of excellence; (vii) Utilization of large scale research
facilities abroad; (viii) Advanced training fellowships; (ix)
Participation in international mega-science projects.
3.1 Another facet for promoting international cooperation
relate to;(i) Organization of Ministerial level Science
Conferences; (ii)Technology summit, industrial fairs, S&T
exhibitions;(iii) Fielding talented Indian research scholars
to International Meetings with Nobel Laureates; (iv) Regular
participation of Indian scientists in The Abdus Salam
International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) related
Scientific Events; (v) Involving foreign scientists (including
STIOs abroad) for joint projects with home country scientists;
(vi) Meetings in India for motivating Indian youth in
science;(vii) Contributions to international non-governmental
scientific bodies that allow India to empower other developing
countries.
3.2 During the visits led by Hon'ble Minister for
Science,Technology and Earth Sciences to different countries,
there has been a move in favour of building shared strategic
partnerships by proposing matching dedicated grants.. As a
follow-up,the roadmaps are being jointly drawn for
operationalization of such dedicated bilateral funds. To
derive industrial perspectives in charting out roadmaps for
bilateral partnerships, Minister for S&T mooted the
CII-DST MOU on Global Innovation Technology Alliance.
4. Salient activities carried out during the year are
described below:
4.1 S&T Agreement
India signed two new S&T Cooperation Agreement with
Belgium on Nov.3,2006; with Norway on Nov.14,2006 . Renewal of
S&T Agreements were carried out with Brazil on
Sept.11,2006.
4.2 New Framework for S&T
Cooperation:
i. Indo - UK Science & Innovation Council; Indo-UK
Joint Cooperation Fund (with allocation of equivalent of
Pounds 8 Million for next five years) :1st Meeting of Indo-UK
Science & Innovation Council (at London, June 26,2006) led
by Shri.Kapil Sibal Hon'ble Minister for S&T,India and
Lord David Sainsbury Minister for S&T,UK came up with new
strategies for deepening Indo- UK cooperation in the area of
science & innovation. Following decisions & shifts in
programmatic focus emerged from the meeting::
-
Earmarking of about Pounds 6.5 to 8 Million from each
side sides for next five years for supporting joint science
and innovation initiatives of the two Governments; Formation
of "Joint Oversight Committee" for best deployment of
science and innovation fund by developing guidelines and
roadmap for cooperation in area of science and innovation;
-
Adoption of bottom -up approaches for joint research
projects between individual scientists and engineers;
-
Adoption of top-down model for mounting mega projects
under networked mode in five jointly agreed thrust areas,
namely, (i) Stem cell research & animal
biotechnology;(ii) Next generation Networks in
telecommunications; (iii) Nano science and materials
science;(iv) Weather science and climate change; (v) Energy
technologies including hydrogen fuel;
- Support to grand challenge projects of importance to
both nations
-
Continuation of on-going modalities of cooperation,
namely, Joint Thematic Workshops & Mobility of
scientists & engineers as capacity building initiatives;
ii. Indo-US S&T Sub Commission; Bi-national S&T
Endowment Fund (of US$ 30 M to be matched by DST) : DST has
prepared a Concept Paper on Indo-US Bi-national S&T
Commission which is being set up to strengthen and deepen the
cooperation , it will oversee and monitor all existing program
of S&T cooperation, it will evolve new joint programs and
activities ( such as public-private partnerships ,
commercialization of R&D output/innovation and education
technologies) as well as working out the modalities of
operation of the Indo-US S&T Endowment Fund. A "Review
Paper" to take stock of existing Indo-US S&T cooperation
was prepared for proceeding with Brainstorming Session within
India before being placed to the Bi-national S&T
Commission .
iii. India-Israel Initiative for Industrial R&D ;
Indo-Israel Fund for Industrial R&D Cooperation (with
matching annual contributions upto equivalent of US$ 1 M from
both sides) - to support joint projects aimed at development
of products and process to be commercialized in global market
and involving lead industrial partner each from India &
Israel.
iv. Australia-India Strategic Research Fund (with
allocation of equivalent of Aus $ 20 Million per year for a
period of 3 years) :- joint research project support on top
down & bottom up basis is operational. A call for proposal
was initiated for bottom up approach for Science &
Technology projects against which 85 proposals have been
received.
v. Indo-Russian Technology Center ( with a financial
allocation of US$ 1 Million/year from Government of India
side) -A Protocol of Intention for establishment of
Indo-Russian Technology Centre at Moscow was concluded between
Department of Science & Technology, Government of India
and Ministry of Science & Education of the Russian
Federation with a view to commercialize results of projects
under the framework of Integrated Long Term Program (ILTP)
with Russia..
vi. CII-DST MOU on Global Innovation Technology Alliance:
An "Agreement on Global Innovation and Technology Alliance
(GITA)" between the Department of Science and Technology and
the Confederation of the Indian Industry was signed by
Secretary, Deptt. of Science and Technology and the President
of Confederation of Indian Industries (CII) in the presence of
the Hon'ble Minister for Science, Technology and Earth
Sciences on the occasion of 12th Technology Summit organized
jointly by CII and DST with Association of South East Asian
Nations (ASEAN ) as partner in New Delhi on Nov.6-8,2006 .
This Agreement aims to: promote and facilitate technology
partnerships between overseas and Indian Industry/Institutes
with the aim of enhancing technology competitiveness of Indian
Organizations. Such partnership may take place through various
modes under the frame work of National/International Laws viz.
Joint Development, Technology Transfer/Licensing, Joint
Venture Collaborations, to name a few. These partnership shall
be facilitated organizing Summits / Seminars /Workshops
/Missions and direct facilitation services by interacting with
organizations on either sides.
Exchange of Agreements on Global Innovation and
Technology
Alliance (GITA) between Secretary DST and President
CII
vii. MOU
between DST and California Institute of Telecommunication and
Information Technology (Calit2) has been signed to organize a
three day event in October 2007 on "High Technologies for
All". The event anticipates involvement of NGOs, industry,
R&D institutions and academia from both sides to show case
technologies relevant to rural areas especially in water,
health, environment and education
viii.MOU between DST and Purdue University was signed on
February 5,2007 which focuses on sharing Purdue University's
experience in for setting up of a "Discovery Park in
India".
4.3 Exploratory Ministerial &
Scientific Missions:
High Level Visits from India
High level visits, several of them led by Hon'ble Minister
for Science, Technology and Earth Sciences, from India were
supported and undertaken to intensify cooperation in S&T
.These visits included:
-
Ministerial discussion on implementation of Indo-US
Bi-national S&T Joint Commission, bi-national S&T
Endowment Fund with US State Officials;
-
Ministerial discussions in Germany on establishing an
Indo-German Science Research and Technology Centre, holding
of European S&T Ministers Conference in India in 2007
and inauguration of Indo- German Technology Partnership
Forum;
-
Discussion on competitive clusters with French Ministers
for Research, Industry and Foreign Affairs ;
-
Launch of India-UK Science & Innovation Council
jointly by Indian Minister for Science, Technology and Earth
Sciences India and UK Minister for Research and Innovation ;
-
Participation in Meeting of S&T Ministers of G-77
countries as well as with India-Brazil-South Africa S&T
Ministers in the context of trilateral IBSA framework ;
-
Participation in the 1st Ministerial Level Meeting of
Indo-China Steering Group;
-
Preparatory Meeting towards India-Japan Summit and
launch of India-Japan S&T Initiative;
-
Ministerial review of on-going Indo-Swiss S&T
cooperation and initiation of joint industrial R&D
cooperation;
Other high level visits were undertaken for focused
bilateral S&T cooperation of India with Croatia, Malaysia,
Mexico, Norway, South Africa and Tunisia.
Visit of Foreign Dignitaries to India
-
H.E Mr. Leif Pagrotsky, Hon'ble Minister for Education,
Research and Culture of Sweden to discuss the composition,
areas of collaboration and functions of the joint committee
in furtherance of implementing S&T Agreement (April
3-5,2006);
- Malaysian Parliamentary Secretary for discussion on
matters relating to bilateral S&T cooperation (April
17,2006);
-
Senior Level Delegation from National Natural Science
Foundation of China (NSFC) for discussions on bilateral
matters of interest; H.E Mr. V Massangiue,
-
Minister for Science & Technology of Mozambique led
a 7 member delegation to India (July 23-30,2006) for
obtaining Indian expert assistance in building materials,
food processing solar energy systems and S&T research
systems creation;
-
Prof.Tissa Vitrana Sri Lankan Minister of Science and
Technology visited India on oct.22-28,2006 for reactivation
of existing S&T MOU ;
-
President National Science Foundation (NSF) ,Dr.Arden
Bement led delegation on Oct.16,2006;
-
President Maryland University led delegation to explore
possibilities of cooperation with India;
-
Science Adviser to US Secretary of State Dr.George
Atkinson in Oct2006 to discuss the details of Indo- US
Binational S& T Commission and Bi-national Endowment
Fund with DST and Minister for S&T
Scientific Exploratory Mission
-
From USA to India : Delegations from Oakridge
National Laboratory, National Oceanographic &
Atmospheric Administration, Fermi Lab were in India in
Dec.2006 for exploring cooperation possibilities. including
development of mega-science projects. Delegations from
Purdue University are visiting India in February 2007 for
sharing experience in developing concepts such as Discovery
Park & Innovation Parks . Delegation from California
Institute of Telecommunication & Information Technology
(Calit2) is visiting India in February 2007 to finalize
cooperation activities including organization of an event
"High Tech for All" (October,2007 in New Delhi) and setting
up an institution modeled on the line of Calit2 which will
help in faster technology transfer from R&D labs to the
users .in rural & semi-urban areas (such as water,
education, health, environment & communication) .
-
From China to India: DST supported Chinese
Exploratory Scientific Missions in the areas of Astronomy/
Astrophysics (with NCRA Pune as the nodal agencies to
develop joint projects) Application of Membrane Technology
in Biological and Environmental Protection (with CSMCRI,
Bhavnagar designated as the nodal agencies to develop joint
projects)
-
From Republic of Korea to India: A senior level
ROK Scientific Delegation led by the Director, Centre of
Mechatronic and Manufacturing (CMM) paid an official visit
to India during 16-21 December, 2006. Besides discussions
Meetings at DST and CSIR ,the delegation visited DAE
(Mumbai) and ISRO, NCBS, IISC and STEPI (Bangalore) to have
discussions on specific topics of common interests to both
sides.
-
From Thailand to India : Thai Delegation led by a
Senior Adviser, National Science and Technology Development
Agency paid an Official Visit to India during April 2006 and
held discussions in the areas of Information Technology and
Bio-Technology at NIC, NBRI and TERI in New Delhi. Another
Thai Scientific Delegation visited India in the field of
metrology
-
From India to Colombia :A scientific delegation
comprising of representatives of National Mission on Bamboo
Applications and experts visited Colombia in Nov.
27-Dec.1,2007 . This resulted in short listing of topics of
joint interest such as bamboo and its applications for
economic value, basic sciences, agriculture, food
processing, biotechnology and health.
-
Indo-Taiwanese exchanges: Promotion of
Indo-Taiwanese cooperation will focus in areas of Nano-
Science and Technology, Functional Genomics, Seismic
Evaluation and Retrofit of Buildings, Organic Chemistry, and
Synchrotron facility. Thus , DST extended support for
hosting of Taiwanese Exploratory Mission to India (with CDFD
Hyderabad scientist as Indian coordinator) for building
joint program on synchrotron facility, DST fielded Indian
scientific team to Indo-Taiwan Workshop on : Functional
Genomics at Taipei, March 3-4, 2006; Seismic Evaluation and
Retrofitting of RC Building(hosted by National Centre for
Retrofit and Earthquake Engineering NCREE at Taipei on Oct.
11-12, 2006; Organic Chemistry (proposed at Taipei on Jan.
8-11, 2007)
-
From India to Germany: 2 Exploratory Scientific
Mission under DST-BMBF Programme were undertaken for joint
project formulation in the fields of railway radar safety
technology (June 2006)
4.4 S&T Events in Partnership with
Indian Industrial Associations / GOI Banner
i. CII's India-China Technology Exhibition at Beijing
Sept.2006: Shri.Kapil Sibal , Minister for S&T from India
inaugurated CII's "India-Tech" exhibition along with the
Minister In-charge of CCPTI with participation of President
CII and the Vice Minister, In-Charge of S&T at the China
Ministry of Science and Technology. Hon'ble Minister for
S&T from India also gave the inaugural address at the
China Business Summit .
ii. CII Technology Summit & Platform with ASEAN as
partner country Dec. 2006: Confederation of the Indian
Industry (CII) "Technology Summit", with ASEAN as partner
(held at New Delhi on Nov.6-8,2006) was attended by 10
Ministerial / Head of Agencies from 10 ASEAN Member States
attended this event.
Inauguration of CII-DST Technology Summit
presided by Shri Kapil Sibal,
Minister of Science Technology
and Earth Science
Joint
Statement on India-ASEAN S&T Cooperation(dated November 6,
2006) covers inter-alia:
-
Creation of a common "India-ASEAN S&T Development
Fund" to undertake collaborative R&D and Technology
Development in areas of common interests including
Bio-Technology and Pharmaceuticals, Agriculture for Food
Security, and Advanced Materials;
-
Consider establishment of an "India-ASEAN Institute for
Intellectual Property" for building human resource
capacities and training to serve the ASEAN Region;
- Design ,through harmonized standards, a regulatory frame
work in relation to Bio-Technology Products and the
Agricultural Processing Industry to ensure that the value
addition resulting there from is beneficial to the ASEAN
regions;
- Popularize science through interaction of Indian youth
(including school children) with the ASEAN region and
establish a suitable mechanism in this regard.
iii. FICCI's India R&D 2006 Think India Think
Innovation: Mind to Market Dec.4-6,2006: An international
conference on India R&D 2006: "Think Innovation, Think
India" "Mind to Market" was held at New Delhi on Dec.4-6,2006
with primary objective to showcase India's knowledge based
services.
The conference was supported by DST, DIPP, CSIR and was
organized by FICCI. Key recommendations include:
-
Technology which impacts rural employment and rural
livelihoods should be adopted and commercialized through an
institutional framework;
-
Knowledge Transfer Networks, which facilitate innovation
and knowledge transfer should be established; Indian R&D
should aim at perfection in the products being innovated by
using quality tools such 6-Sigma to reduce the variation and
making the products conform to world quality standards;
-
Country's education system needs to be transformed from
traditional role learning system to one, which emphasizes on
creativity and critical thinking;
-
Develop the framework "World Knowledge Platform" in the
areas of energy, water, healthcare, traditional medicines,
automobiles, agriculture and food and knowledge products,
which will integrate the core competencies of the partner
countries to develop knowledge products. The Platform will
enable joint-design, development, cost effective production
and marketing of the knowledge products in various domains
based on core competency of the partner national in
international markets. The mission of this Platform would be
to connect
iv. India-EU Ministerial Science Conference and associated
Interaction Meet for Motivating Youth in Science (New
Delhi,Feb.7-8,2007): Pursuant to decisions taken during
India's Prime Minister's visit to Germany in April 2006, 7th
India-EU Summit at Helsinki in October 2006 and Joint
Statement endorsed during 3rd India-EC S&T Steering
Committee at Brussels on Nov.15, 2006, DST , on behalf of
Government of India, hosted
-
India-EU Ministerial Science Conference at New Delhi on
February 7-8,2007 for providing impetus and strategic
direction for strengthening India-EU S&T Cooperation.
This event was co-chaired by H.E.Mr.Kapil Sibal Minister for
Science, Technology and Earth Sciences, India,
H.E.Dr.Annette Schvan German Minister for Education &
Research under the framework of German Presidency of EU and
H.E.Dr.Janez Potocnic European Commissioner for Science
& Research.
-
Another associated event on this occasion was the
Interaction Meet for Motivating Youth in Science addressed
by President of India ,Policy Leaders & Science Leaders
including Nobel Laureates from Europe.
These events were unique in following ways:
-
EU valued the relations with India and talked about
shared partnerships on principles of symmetry, reciprocity
and co-investment of resources in joint actions. Minister
for Science, Technology and Earth Sciences suggested an
allocation from India of upto Euros 5 M to be matched by EC
for joint calls ;
-
EU Member State's science ministerial delegations, at
the highest political level, met outside Europe(24 EU Member
States were represented at Minister/Deputy
Minister/Secretary of State/ Director General responsible
for Science, Research, Innovation level /Ambassador of EU
Member States in India )
-
Indian & European science leaders including nobel
prize winners ,together with Indian & European policy
leaders interacted and enthused bright Indian students (600)
and young research scholars (400) outside of Europe for
attracting them to pursue a career in science . President of
India addressed the august gathering and emphasised on
guiding principles for nurturing and fostering talents into
science
Interactive Meet on Motivation of youth in Science,
presided by Hon’ble President of India,
with Dr. Annette
Schvan, Dr. Janez Potocnic, Shri Kapil Sibal on the dias.
The India-EU Ministerial Science Conference concluded with
adoption of New Delhi Communique that inter-alia
-
Underlines the potential benefits of joint or
coordinated calls for proposals, in strategically important
research fields of mutual interest involving the
co-investment of resources equally open to research
communities in the EU and in India on a partnership model
for balanced mutual benefits for both sides.
-
Provides for holding India-EU strategic workshop series
on some key areas like climate change, clean energy,
combustion, comprehensive approach to system biology with a
focus on infectious diseases and drug development including
pre-clinical and clinical trials
-
Recommends establishment of a critical number of Joint
EU-India nodes for networking innovation systems in
different regions of India and Europe
Signing of New Delhi Communique on conslusion of
India-EU Ministerial Science Conference
by Shri Kapil Sibal,
Dr. Annette Schvan, Dr. Janez Potocnic.
4.5 Joint S&T Committee Meetings:
i. Meeting of Indo-Tunisian Joint Committee on S&T at
Tunis on April 27-28,2006): Indo-Tunisian Program of
Cooperation in S&T 2006-08 was adopted reflecting support
for joint workshops, exchange visits and joint projects in
areas of Biotechnology, Water Technology, Information Science,
including Software Development, Renewable Energy Sources,
Medical Sciences, including Pharmaceutical Research and
Development, Science Popularization as priority areas .
ii. 4th Session of Indo-Bulgarian Joint S&T Committee
(Sofia April 3-5, 2006): Recommended 3 on-going projects for
extension by one year; and approved 7 new projects proposals
out of 17 proposals for inclusion in the programme.
iii. Meeting of ASEAN-India Working Group Joint Cooperative
Committee and Sr Officers Meeting (Vientiane, Laos PDR April
25-28,2006).
iv. Meeting of Indo-Croatian Joint Committee on Science
& Technology (April 29,2006) :First meeting of this Joint
Committee adopted programme for 2006-07. It approved 9 out of
11 joint R&D projects received for its consideration. Two
workshops on "Commercialization and Societal Application of
Sciences" and "Marine Science" has been agreed to.
v. 2nd Meeting of the Indo-Russian Working Group on
Technologies ( New Delhi May 18,2006) chaired by DST and
provides opportunities for direct agency based cooperation by
respective nodal national agency in the two countries. This
meeting recommended setting up various Thematic Sub-groups on
Agricultural Research; Biotechnology; Building Materials;
Industrial Realization of High Technology; Information
Technology Parks; Medical Research; Meteorology; Metrology
& Standards; Oceanology; Seismology; Software Technology
& Satellite Communication. The Group also reviewed
bilateral cooperation under Integrated Long Term Programme
(ILTP) and inter-academy cooperation.
vi. 1st Meeting of India-UK Science & Innovation
Council (London June 26-28, 2006) came up with new strategies
for deepening Indo-UK cooperation in the area of science &
innovation.
vii. Meeting of India-Mexican Joint S& T Committee (at
Mexico City, June 20,2006) : Decided to organize two joint
workshops in the fields of water management in the Metropolis
& earthquake & seismology & issue a Call for
Proposal.
viii. 2nd Meeting of SAARC Technical Committee on S&T
(Islamabad, August 28-29,2006) : The SAARC Calendar of S&T
Activities adopted for 2007-2008 included Indian proposals,
namely, SAARC Training Course on Ground water exploration and
management techniques; SAARC Conference on Solid Waste
Management; SAARC Workshop on empowering SAARC countries
through ICT;SAARC Workshop on Use of satellite data in weather
forecasting .
ix. 6th Meeting of the Indo-German Joint Committee on
S&T ( New Delhi Sept.25,2006): The Meeting reviewed the
progress of the on-going activities under Indo-German S&T
umbrella. New additional areas of future collaboration were
agreed ,namely, production technologies, sustainability
research and disaster and security research; and 20 Thematic
Joint Workshops were identified. Both sides also agreed to
work towards organizing India-EU Science Ministers Conference
in New Delhi and also to work for finalizing the modalities
and mechanisms for creating Indo-German Science, Research and
Technology Center.
x. 1st Meeting of Ministerial level Indo-China Steering
Group( Beijing Sep 6-12, 2006) discussed identification of
topics of common interest .While China expressed interest to
collaborate in Energy, Environment and Water Technology, India
proposed working for developing projects/ programmes in areas
like Nano-S&T, Bio-Technology including Genomics,
Seismology and Earthquake Engineering, Climate Change and
Bamboo Technology. Significant outcomes from this meeting
include: (i) Development of 2 major joint projects (IC-2 )
between DST and National Natural Science Foundation of China
(NSFC);(ii) setting up of India-China Nano-Science Forum;(iii)
Promote Genomics Research through interaction between IGIB
(India) and BGI(China)
xi. Meeting of the Indo-South Africa Joint Committee on
S&T (Cape Town Sept. 27-29, 2006)
xii. 2nd Meeting of India-Republic of Korea Joint S&T
Committee (at New Delhi,Nov.8,2006) cochaired by Secretary
DST, India & Vice Minister for S&T ROK approved
India-ROK POC in S&T 2006-2009 in areas of Bio-Technology,
Telecommunications (including Information Technology), New
Materials, Nano-Science and Technology and High Energy
Physics
xiii. 2nd Meeting of India-Thailand Joint S&T Committee
(at New Delhi,Nov.8,2006) agreed that cooperation will be
effected through exploratory visits, Joint R&D Projects,
Joint Seminars/ Workshops, Training, Fellowships, and
Participation in International Conferences held in each others
countries.
xiv. 3rd Meeting of India-European Commission S&T
Technology Steering Committee ( Brussels Nov.15-16,2006):
Co-chaired by Dr.T.Ramasami Secretary DST and Dr. Jose Manuel
Silva Rodriguez, Director General Research European
Commission. Meeting recommended the following:
-
Taking steps for timely renewal of India-EU S&T
Agreement beyond Oct.2007;
-
Work towards joint actions during 2006-2007 such as
India-EU Strategic Workshop on Next Generation Air
Transportation System, Energy Technologies, ICT for defining
possible joint priorities and Coordinated / Joint Calls for
Proposals with India; under the India-EC S&T Agreement
framework.
-
Endorsement of Joint statement calling for inter-alia
(a) Establishment of India-EU Expert Group for advise on
research areas and issues which can benefit from cooperative
actions; (b) In a limited themes of shared priority as well
as shared research excellence, agreement of both Parties to
co-invest resources including financial on Coordinated/Joint
Call for research proposals ;(c) Organization of India-EU
Strategic S &T Workshop Series;
xv. 5th Meeting of ASEAN -India Working Group on S&T
(Manesar,Nov.2006): India is a dialogue partner of ASEAN. DST
as co-chair of ASEAN-India Working Group on S&T, hosted
its 5th Meeting and as its follow-up ,actions are underway for
(i) ASEAN-India Workshops on Bioinformatics; (ii) ASEAN-India
Training Programs in information technology and space science
and technology (iii) Concept Paper for ASEAN-India Technology
Information & Commercialization Centre
xvi. Meeting of 2nd Indo-Brazil Science Council : (at
Bangalore, Dec.14-15,2006) under the cochairmanship of
Prof.CNR Rao and Prof.Jack Palis , Brazilian Academy of
Sciences recommended to include bio-resources for energy as an
additional area of cooperation (besides ocean and marine
sciences and technology; computer science, computer modeling
and simulations; physical sciences and mathematics; biomedical
sciences and biotechnology; materials science &
engineering including nanosciences; molecular sciences and
materials). The Council discussed the report presented by Area
Coordinators who visited Brazil during June 19-23,2006. The
Council decided that cooperation may be implemented through
organization of joint workshops,lectures by eminent
scientists, exchange of junior & senior
researchers/scientists and joint R&D projects. Action Plan
for 2007-08 was adopted which also included an access to and
utilization of Brazilian Light Synchrotron Facility by Indian
scientists.
xvii. Meeting of Indo-Hungarian S&T Joint Committee
(Dec.2006) :Noted that 28 new R&D proposals have been
received. Since assessment on Indian side is yet not complete,
it was agreed to exchange letters between co-chairs for
conveying the approval by January 2007.
xviii. Meeting of Indo-Slovenian S&T Joint
Committee.:13 new proposals were recommended for approval
whereas 2 ongoing proposals were extended by exchange of
letters between two cochairs for the Indo-Slovenian S&T
Joint Committee.
xix. 5th Meeting of ITPAR Scientific Committee & 2nd
Meeting of ITPAR Steering Committee (New
Delhi,Jan.17-18,2007): India-Trento Program for Advanced
Research (ITPAR) is a significant bilateral project within the
Indo-Italian POC of Cooperation in S&T. Its Management
Committee(s) met and adopted the following :
- Under ITPAR Phase I (2003-2006) 4 projects were
supported , 46 Indian researchers to Trento(Italy) and 35
Trentino researchers to India visited, over 35 joint
publications appeared in international journals and dual PhD
program of University of Trento with TIFR Mumbai &
University of Hyderabad were concluded ;
- ITPAR Phase II framework (2007-2009) reflecting broad
basing of the bilateral project from regional to national
level ,additional areas of cooperation, financial commitment
by co-sponsors including that for joint projects under Joint
Centres of Excellence. Province of Trento agreed for Euros
300,000/year for ITPAR Phase II . Additional support by
Italian Federal Ministries for University & Research
(MIUR) as well as Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAE) is
anticipated;
- ITPAR Phase II Action Plan for 2007-2008 : which
includes build new joint proposals in Nano Photonics,
Cognitive Neurosciences
xx. 1st Meeting of Indo-Canadian Joint S&T Cooperation
Committee ( at New Delhi,Feb.5,2007) resulted in adoption of
joint calendar of activities including joint workshops and
call for proposal in areas of biotechnology, nanotechnology,
information and communication technologies, natural disaster,
energy and environment.
xxi. 2nd Meeting of India-Australia Joint S&T Committee
(at New Delhi on March 15,2007) examined 85 joint proposals
under bottom up approach and shortlisted for co-funding in
areas of agricultural research,energy and
environment,materials science including electronic
devices.Further, Committee approved two proposals of
inter-institutional character, namely CSIR-CSIRO & IIT
Bombay- Monash University under tops down approach.
4.6 Joint Research Projects:
Bilateral S&T cooperation was executed during the year
in the form of over 500 joint research projects by DST from
India with its counterpart agencies in 15 countries, namely,
USA, Russia, Germany , Italy, Ukraine, Japan, Israel, Croatia,
Slovenia, Belarus, Portugal, Argentina, Bulgaria, Mexico, UK
as per the breakdown given below:
-
100 on-going Indo-US projects under DST-NSF framework+ 1
new joint project involving Indian partner under Materials
World Network Program of NSF where India is a partner
country
-
120 on-going Indo-Russian projects under LITP framework
-
20 new Indo-German projects under DST- German Academic
Exchange Service (DAAD) Project based Personnel Exchange
program & 40 on-going + 9 new joint projects in
application oriented areas under DST-German Ministry for
Education and Research (BMBF) framework & 10 on-going +
3 new joint projects & 15 exploratory visits for joint
project formulation& 3 on-going under DST-German
Research Foundation (DFG) framework + 3 Indian Partner
Institutes in India under DST-Max Planck Society (MPG)
framework
-
45 on-going Indo-Italian projects under DST-MAE
framework
-
22 on-going Indo-Ukraine projects under DST-MES
framework
-
18 on-going Indo -Japan projects under DST-JSPS
framework
-
14 on-going Indo-Israel projects under DST-OCS Framework
-
14 new Indo-Croatian projects under DST-MES framework
-
12 new Indo- Slovenian projects under DST-MES framework
-
12 Indo-Belarus projects under DST-State Committee on
S&T framework
-
11 on-going Indo-Portuguese projects under DST- GRICES
(Wing of Ministry of Science & Technology) framework
-
8 new Indo-Argentina projects under DST- SECYT
(Secretariat for Science, Technology & Productive
Innovation ) framework
-
7 new Indo-Bulgaria projects besides on- going projects
under DST-Ministry of Education & Science Bulgaria
framework
-
6 new Indo-Mexican projects under DST-CONACYT framework
-
Indo -UK projects under UK-India Education &
Research Initiative (UKERI ) framework
|
|
A list of
some such projects is given below:
Indo-Russian projects : Non-invasive diagnostics-
Research & Development activities in the field of Non-
Invasive Imaging technology and for clinical and research
application are being studied. Infra-red (IR) Thermograph
application for diagnosis of breast cancer, peripheral
vascular disorders and thyroid disorders was evaluated at
AIIMS, DIPAS, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital and Mangalore University
and correlated with conventional diagnostic tools.
IR-Thermograph was evaluated for application in Yoga research
and patho-physiology of cold injuries. It has also other
non-medical applications. GSR based alertness monitoring for
stress evaluation and as a biotrainer tool for voluntary
relaxation was studied. It has also application in preventing
automobile and train accidents by monitoring the alertness of
drivers. Efforts are on to identify industry partnership for
commercialization. Telescope-Astronomy (Russia): Russia agreed
to provide technical assistance in establishment of 3.8 meter
optical telescope at ARIES, Nainital to study of Star Clusters
and understanding the problem of Dark Matter in the
Universe
Indo-German Projects :The DST-BMBF Programme
primarily focuses on application oriented projects involving
industries from both sides. The projects supported so far aims
at Designing self organized adaptive services for open source
internet telephony over P2P networks, Development of
functional nanophase ceramic matrix composites using CVD
technique, Hydrogen production by catalytic reforming of
glycerol in aqueous medium, Ecological inter-linkages between
terrestrial and coastal environment in Indian and western
pacific region, Search for super heavy isotopes: A new
phenomenon. The DST-DAAD Project based Personnel Exchange
Programme (PPP) emphasize academic training to young
scientists at doctoral and post-doctoral levels. The Programme
has resulted in more then 150 joint publications and training
of more then 200 Indian PhD students in Germany. The programme
also enables Indian scientists to use international facilities
like DESSY/BESSY etc. The DST_DFG Programme aims to support
mega joint research projects; support to use major facilities
in Germany and India; workshops/seminars, exploratory
missions. Some of the projects are Formation of metallic
nano-structures in organic matrix by vapour and plasma phase
deposition and its modification by ion irradiation and Study
of vapor liquid equilibrium of wide fluorocarbon mixture at
low temperature and development of mixed refrigerant cascade
refrigerator. The specific themes envisages creation of
partnergroups in the areas of Wafer bonding and layer transfer
for novel engineered substrates, Electronic structure of low
dimentional and nanoscale systems and developmental
biology
Indo-Israel projects: 14 in areas of Agricultural
and medical biotechnology, Advanced materials, Nanotechnology
& Genomics are currently under implementation under DST,
Govt.of India -Office of Chief Scientist, Govt.of State of
Israel Framework; these include (i) "Fabrication of novel
biomaterials in nanoscale by peptide self-assembly" using
novel scaffold technology ( between Indian Institute of
Technology- Kanpur, Kanpur.& Tel Aviv University, Tel
Aviv, Israel ) . It involves effective utilization of advanced
microscopic facilities available at Israeli institution as
well as expertise vital for evaluation of selected peptide
based biomaterials for bio-chemical applications; (ii)
"Molecular identification and characterization of potential
heat tolerance -inducing genes in tomato" (between ICGEB, New
Delhi & The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan, Israel) with an
effective utilization of Israeli expertise and
instrumentation
Indo-Japanese projects: 18 new projects have been
initiated during this year under the DST-Japan Society for the
Promotion of Science (JSPS) framework in areas of Molecular
structure,dynamics & molecular materials; Advanced
Materilas,Modern biology & biotechnology; Manufacturing
sciences; Astronomy & astrophysics; Surface &
interface science. On-going Indo-Japanese research projects
during the year include (i) joint technology development in
X-ray optics and associated instrumentation and test
facilities for completion of integrated advanced X-ray
telescope; (ii) Biomimetic processing of inorganic-organic
composites for biomedical application
Indo-Italian projects: 45 joint research projects
are predominantly in the fields of biomedical
sciences,materials science and
technology,electronics,accelerator physics and technology .
One of the flagship significant bilateral project is
India-Trento Program for Advanced Research (ITPAR). Federal
Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Provincial Government -
Autonomous Province of Trento on Italian side and Department
of Science & Technology on Indian side are the sponsors of
ITPAR framework Uniqueness of ITPAR framework lies in (i)
project based two-way mobility of researchers at par with
European Commission norms & stipend for Italians in India
at par with Dr. Shyama Prasad Mukherjee Fellowship rates; and
(ii) incremental research infrastructural facilities, at par
with Trento/Italy, at Indian project sites/laboratories (on
equal shared investment basis by the co-sponsors of ITPAR )
Some noteworthy accomplishments are:
-
Fabrication of prototype of MEMS Accelerometer for
pollution detection in automobiles using the fabrication
process optimized by IIT Kharagpur & (ii) Fabrication of
prototype of Hot film MEMS Liquid Flow Sensor on quartz
substrate for biomedical applications at ITC-ist Trento.
-
Femtosecond written channel waveguides; familiarization
of Indian research scholars with techniques and equipment
for assessing spectroscopic properties of rare earth
activated tellurite glasses; investigation of structural
properties of metal induced laterally crystallized amorphous
semiconductor thin films for display applications
-
Development of: model based approach to multi-resolution
fusion in multi-spectral remote sensing imagery, content
specific technique to partially supervised classification of
multi-spectral remote sensing images (IIT Mumbai);
development of fuzzy thresholding method for unsupervised
change detection (ISI Kolkatta); unsupervised change
detection with a modified Hopfield neural network (Jadavpur
University).
-
Goal driven requirement analysis has been applied for
complex pipeline processor verification and the methodology
is being generalized for application to high level design
languages such as VERILOG with scalable tool support of SAT
solvers and model checkers; (ii) New models of security with
policy specifications have been proposed for certified
software execution that would enable a high confidence of
the security of execution environment with realization of
privacy requirements; and (iii) requirements and
enhancements workflow languages, web service languages such
as BPEL are being investigated and also realize efficient
composition of web services for various applications.
Indo-Argentina projects 8 new in the field of
agriculture, agricultural bioechnology, food processing and
drugs & pharmaceuticals have been awarded for
implementation under DST- SECYT (Secreatariat for Science,
Technology & Productive Innovation ) framework . These
include: Biocatalyst : A novel approach for the production of
pharmaceuticals between RRL Trivandrum & CONICET
Researcher;Use of bacteriocins from lactic acid bacteria in
the preservation of fish and meat oducts between Karnataka
Veterinary,Animal & Fisheries Sciences Univ. Mangalore
& CERELA-CONICET Tucaman
Indo-Portuguese projects: A small Autonomous
Underwater Vehicle (AUV), Maya, has been developed at NIO, Goa
under the Indo-Portuguese S&T Cooperation Programme. Maya
uses a single underwater motor to propel through the water. It
has two stern planes and a single rudder to control diving and
heading maneuvers respectively. The AUV can receive commands
from the shore over a high speed radio link or download data
over the same link. The Maya AUV has many applications in
oceanography as it can collect standard oceanographic data in
confined areas; do shallow water bathymetry in coastal waters;
or detect phytoplankton blooms with the help of optical
radiometers & fluorometer. It can be used as a platform
for testing new marine sensor technologies. Technology
transfer discussions are underway.
Indo -UK projects A joint proposal for formation of
"Indo-UK Advanced Technology Centre of Excellence in Next
Generation Networks & Services" led by UK British Telecom
and evincing strong interest from Indian industry is one of
the noteworthy follow-up of the Indo-UK Workshop on Next
Generation Communication Network (at IIT Madras which was held
on Jan.31-Feb.2,2006)
Indo-Ukraine projects: Advanced Welding - Live
Tissue Welding has been attempted at SJ College of
Engineering, Mysore in collaboration with Ukrainian
scientists. The basic phenomenon of soft tissue welding is
based on electro-thermal denaturation of albumen molecules.
The application provides coagulum, which is thin, smooth and
does not deform the organ or make the lumen of hollow organs
narrower. Has been successfully performed on animals.
Indo-Polish projects: Alternate cryogenic insulation
system - Modelling and experimental investigation of the
multilayer insulation (MLI) and aluminium foil insulation have
been initiated at IUAC, New Delhi in partnership with Poland.
Based on the trend of experimental data, two experiments with
different layers of MLI (25 and 20) at pressure 80 K.
Additional sensors were attached on different layers to
monitor the temperature till stabilization.
4.7 Joint Centres Of Excellence
i. Two Indo-Swiss Joint Centres of Excellence on
Micro-engineering & Micro-electronics were agreed by both
sides during the recent visit of Minister for S&T and ES
to Switzerland in Nov 2006.
- The Centres on Micro-engineering envisages the creation
of miniaturized unit or hybrid processes integrated with
metrology, material handling and assembly to create
micro-factories capable of producing micro-precision
products at low cost.
- The Centres on Micro-electronics aims at developing
joint curriculum among other joint activities
ii. Indo-Russian Thematic Centres on Biomedical Technology,
Laser & Accelerator, Non Ferrous Metallurgy under ILTP
framework (Russia) ;
iii. 2 Joint Centres of Excellence on Micro-Electronic
Mechanical Systems (MEMS) & Centre for Enabling Web
Technologies & Applications under ITPAR Framework (Italy)
are underway.
iv. Seven Joint Indo-Russian Centres of Excellence are
promoting bilateral scientific cooperation in their respective
thematic area. These centres are pursuing high end science,
working out new technologies and interacting with user
community for possible technology transfer. Highlights of some
of the joint centres are:
- International Advanced Research Centre for Powder
Metallurgy & New Materials, Hyderabad: The Centre has
started transferring some of the jointly developed
technologies to industries, namely, electro-spark, ceramic
honey-comb, heat pipe and stainless filter. R&D work on
some other technologies, namely, Diamond like carbon
coating, mechanically alloyed powders for thermal sprays
coatings, cold spray coatings, is in advanced stage.
Technology Incubator has been created to develop,
demonstrate and facilitate transfer of technology.
- Russian - Indian Centre for Advanced Computing Research,
Moscow : The parallel computing system PARAM 10000 has been
installed at the Centre. The relationship is poised to a new
level with plans to install the next generation PARAM Padma
and to address markets, R&D and product development in
Russia (viz production of PARAM Padma RU). Projects on
development of software for the applications like
Computational Fluid Dynamics, Seismic Data Processing and
Development of Parallel Compiler have been implemented.
- Indo-Russian Centre for Gas Hydrates, Chennai: Eight
joint projects are under implementation through this center
including development of remotely operated submersible for
the gas hydrate sampling capable of operating up to the
water depth of 6000 m, which is likely to be commissioned in
2007. During the first successful joint expedition at Lake
Baikal (Siberia) for Gas Hydrate studies in September 2005,
longest core of 1.2 m length of gas hydrate was collected.
- Russian - Indian Centre for Ayurvedic Research, Moscow:
Projects on "Genotype-Phenotype Correlation based on the
Principles of Ayurveda with special focus on Prakriti" is
under implementation. A four member team visited Russia for
correlation of Prakriti on Russians. They have collected
questioners from four different parts of Russia. The
negotiations with various Indian Ayurvedic schools were held
for promotion of Ayurveda system in Russia and introduction
of ayurvedic drugs/ formulations in the Russian market.
- Indo-Russian Centre for Earthquake Research, New Delhi:
India Meteorological Department and Institute of Physics of
Earth & Design Bureau for Geophysical Instruments are
the coordinating agencies from the Indian and Russian side
respectively. Seventeen joint R&D projects are being
coordinated by the centre. The projects are aimed at
pre-cursor studies, simulations, disaster mitigation and
developing techno-morphic maps of the high seismic regions.
4.8 Joint Workshops
Some of the noteworthy joint workshops supported during the
year were:
-
Indo-Japanese Workshops (6) were organized in areas of
Surface Sciences (hosted by IICT Hyderabad) , Manufacturing
Sciences, (hosted by IIT Kanpur) Materials Sciences (hosted
by Delhi University South Campus and University of Tokyo)
and Molecular Sciences (hosted by Kobe University). These
events provided platform for Indian & Japanese
scientists to share latest trends and ideas in research in
related areas. To illustrate ,(i) Indo-Japan Workshop on
"Emerging Frontiers of Molecular Spectroscopy" (at Kobe
University,Sept.25-26,2006) allowed exchange of ideas and
information on effective use of femtosecond spectroscopy,
microscopy and computer simulation, surfaces under high
vacuum clusters in vapour phase and dynamics of liquids;
(ii) Indo-Japan Workshop on Zinc Oxide Materials &
Devices" (at S.Campus,Delhi University .on Dec.18-20,2006)
reflected a renewed interest in Zinc Oxide research by
theoretical prediction and experimental confirmation of
ferromagnetism at room temperature for potential
optoelectronic (blue LEDs, Lasers) and spintronic
applications. In-depth discussions were carried out on
mechanical, chemical, electrical and optical properties of
Zinc Oxide as well as technological issues such as growth,
defects, p-type doping, band-gap engineering and
nanostructures
-
DST together with JSPS is hosting in India the Asian
Academic Seminar cum Winter School, with Molecular Sciences
as its focal theme. The Asian Academic Seminar is held
annually as Winter School on selected topics in India, Korea
and China by rotation and provides a valuable opportunity
for young scientists and students of Asia (50% from the host
country) to intensively interact with International experts
in class room lectures as well as laboratory experiment
modes. While JSPS provides for international airfare for the
international experts and young scientists from other
countries, the hosting side supports the hospitality,
domestic travel of local students and experts.
-
Indo-Russian workshop on Seismology was organized during
October 15-21, 2006 at Moscow. The Indian delegation was led
by Prof. VK Gaur, and had scientists from leading institutes
like WIHG, NGRI, C-MMACS, GSI, and IMD. 12 new joint
projects were identified to prepare catalogue of Indian
earthquakes; understanding co-seismic environmental effects;
seismic velocity on Indian lithosphere; experimental design
and analysis of multi-geo data sets such as electrical,
hydrodynamics, tectono-electric, magnetics and tectonic
-stress signals.
-
Indo-Russian Workshop on Problems in Nonlinear Mechanics
of Solids with Large Deformation at IIT, Delhi during
November 22-24, 2006. 5 Russian and around 100 Indian
scientists attended this workshop. Scientists from IIT,
Kanpur, IIT, Delhi, BARC, DRDO and other scientific
institutions discussed various possible projects for joint
collaboration. Several new collaborative projects are being
worked out on multi scale modeling of contact interaction
and wear; fracture dynamics; nanomechanics; super plastic
flow; coating.
-
IBSA Workshops: Three Thematic Workshops under the
India-Brazil-South Africa (IBSA ) framework were held in
S.Africa & Brazil on Biosafety, Tuberculosis &
Nanotechnology. DST fielded Indian scientific team to these
event with a view to learn from each other's experiences and
identify themes for further collaborative activities.
-
Indo-Australian workshop on Sustainable Energy was held
at New Castle, Sydney during December 3-9, 2006. Indian
delegation was led by Professor SS Murthy, IIT Delhi and had
representation from MNES, Coal India, TERI, INAE and IIT
Chennai. The workshop identified several sectors for
developing projects in the fields of in Coal and Biomass
(Biomass gasification, post combustion capture of CO2; from
conventional power stations; underground gasification of
coal; methane from coal deposits) Wind (generation
capacity); solar (solar enhancement of natural gas;
efficient building); energy storage etc.
-
Indo-German Workshop on HIMPAC (Oct.2006 Delhi hosted by
.Kumaon University) for joint project formulation .
Exploratory Scientific Mission from Germany to India-Univ.of
Hyderabad Dec.2006) visited in connection with project
development under International Research Training Group
scheme Exploratory Scientific Mission from India to Germany
(May 2006) for joint project formulation in nanomaterials
-
Indo-Mexican Workshop on Water Management in Metropolis
(at IIT Delhi,Oct.30-Nov.1,2006) was attended by experts
from field agencies such as Delhi Jal Board, MCD, CPCB,
relevant NGOs and experts drawn from academia & research
laboratories. 6 Mexican experts participated and shared
their experiences in areas ,namely, water storage and
distribution system, leak detection systems, sewerage
system, water pricing ,water purification ,water pollution
and other legal issues. 2nd Indo- Mexican Workshop on
Seismology is slated in Mexico City in July 2007.
-
Indo-UK Workshop on "Hot Plasma in Intense
Electromagnetic Fields" (at TIFR, Mumbai April 22-26,2006)
strongly recommended collaboration on (i) development of
laser pulse compression techniques (ii) laser cluster
interactions with ultra short laser pulses.
-
Indo-Chinese Workshop on Micro-Electronics Mechanical
System ( NPL Delhi 5-7 April 2006).
-
India-EU Workshop on Infectious Diseases TB, Malaria,
HIV ( Bangalore, June 5-6,2006) reflected on India-EU
research partnerships in domains of (i) New drugs targets
development; (ii) Genomic analysis of TB persistence; (iii)
Development of new inhibitors for TB and malaria ; (iv)
Systems biology approach for developing new strategies for
treating infectious diseases-in vivo effect of new drug on
host and pathogen, up or under regulation of genes, surge or
decline of protein activity;9v) Vaccines for Malaria,TB,HIV.
-
International Symposium on "Frontiers in Nanoscience,
technology, education and research" ( organized by NPL at
Cochin, Aug.16-19,2006) jointly supported by DST, NSF et al
4.9 Participation In International
Mega-Science Projects/ Utilization of International Advanced
Research Facilities
i. India made its intention to enroll in the International
Facility for Anti-proton & Ion Research (FAIR) by way of
contributing at-least 3% of the total projected cost of the
FAIR project. This contribution would be "in kind" only to be
jointly shared by DST and DAE in next 7 years of the
construction period. The FAIR documents relating to Final
International Agreement and Articles of Associaiton (AoA) for
establishing a, limited liability company to ru FAIR, are
being vetted from legal angle by the Indian side. India will
establish a network of India-FAIR Centers in India to
coordinate the FAIR activities in India.
ii. India is the Plenipotentiary member of the
International Centre for Scientific & Technological
Information (ICSTI),Moscow, Russia. India continued with
participation in ICSTI's technical programmes and receiving
information on scientific developments in ICSTI member States.
iii. Collaboration in the field of accelerator physics,
technology and application between Sincrotrone Trieste SCpA
and Indian institutions is one of the significant bilateral
project within the current Indo-Italian Program of Cooperation
in S&T . This project allows inter-alia utilization of
Elettra beamlines by Indian researchers; the gain to Italy is
that they are able to get new ideas of research that this
machine can handle and gain to Indian R&D lies in getting
better resolution data on research experiments and
strengthening of on-going research and facility INDUS-II
commissioning at CAT Indore in India India's collaboration
with Sincrotrone Trieste witnessed a significant increase in
allocation of beamtime on Italian synchrotron machine,Elettra
for Indian scientific experiments during 2006-07 : 24 Indian
scientific experiments have received 366 shifts on Elettra
beamlines and has allowed 65 Indian scientists to visit
Trieste for conducting the scientific experiments. These 65
Indian users were drawn from evenly from Universities (IISc
Bangalore,Goa University, Pune University, Nagpur University,
IUCSR Indore,IIT Bombay) & Research Laboratories (BARC
Mumbai, SINP Kolkatta, CDFD Hyderabad, CGCRI Kolkatta).
Illustrative examples of different investigations performed on
Italian synchrotron machine are given below:
By Universities:
- Role of surface atoms in photoluminescence quantum yield
of CdSe & ZnSe quantum dots (VUPE Beamline): Probing
internal structures of semiconductor nanocrystals that
impart extraordinarily high quantum yield/brilliance. Such
investigations provide a deeper understanding, impossible to
obtain otherwise, of the origin of such high brilliance,
which is extremely important for display technologies using
such semiconductor nanocrystals. (IISc)
- Study of Lanthanum Cobalt Manganese Oxide &
Lanthanum Strontium Cobalt Manganese Oxide perovskites (XAFS
Beamline): Investigating change in local and electronic
structure of these CMR materials by Mn & K edge studies
(Goa University & Nagpur University)
- Study of intralayer structure and molecular packing in
Langmuir Blodgett multilayers (SAXS Beamline): The LB
technique plays a very important role in developing various
interesting multilayer structures and the nanometer length
scale and therefore, such studies provide a deeper
understanding in such frontier areas of research (IIT
Bombay)
By Research Laboratories:
- Antiferromagnetic domain structures of NiO films
(Circularly Polarization beamline) : Investigating spin
reorientation transition in nickel oxide single crystal as a
model system for antiferromagnetic surface. These studies
help us understand the fundamental aspects of spin
arrangements in ultra-thin systems, which have important
technological ramifications in memory as well as read-write
devices (SINP)
- Evolution of electronic structure in polymers and metal
polymer nanocomposites with confinement (BEAR Beamline):
Investigating effect of thinning on electronic structure of
polystyrene film, which when thinned below a limit, enters a
fundamentally new phase "Nanoconfinement Phase". There is a
molecular ordering whereby benzene ring lines up along a
particular orientation on film surface. This has polarizing
effect in a wide range of radiation from 4 to 300eV (Vacuum
UltraVoilet to Soft X-Ray range) (SINP)
- Structural studies of redox and transcriptional related
proteins from M. tuberculosis (XRD Beamline): Such studies
investigating the structure of proteins are important for a
range of biological processes. (CDFD).
- EXAFS Study of indigenous phosphor(CaSO4:Dy) EXAFS
Beamline: Insight into effect of annealing on regenerative
capability of indigenous phosphor CaSO4:Dy ,which is widely
used for radiation exposure monitoring (BARC)
4.10 Fellowships & International
Exposure for Indian S&T Personnel
i. DST-JSPS RONPAKU (Dissertation PhD) Programme: This
program provides tutorial and financial support to promising
young researchers who wish to obtain PhD degree from Japanese
universities through submission of dissertation without going
through a full time doctoral course and DST has the role of
recommending annually Indian working scientists to JSPS for
enrolment in Japanese universities. During this year, six
Indian researchers working at BARC Mumbai, NIV Pune, NEERI
Nagpur,NIRM Kolar Gold Fields,and NICD Kolkatta were awarded
PhD degree by different Japanese universities.
ii. Indian participation in 56th Lindau Meeting of Nobel
Laureates & Students (in the field of chemistry) . DST
selected a team of young promising Indian researchers
representing a spectrum of inter-disciplinary competencies for
interaction with Nobel Laureates and their fellow peers.
Indian student team (26 in number) was the 3rd largest
contingent to Lindau meeting, students from US and Japan
participation ranking amongst the top two contingents. This
DST sponsored initiative continues its impact in (a) helping
young promising Indian researchers to reorient /fine tune
their own research program in light of exposure to current
research trends /challenges being investigated by global icons
of science, the Nobel
Lindau Meeting of Nobel Laureates & Students
Laureates (b)
enhancing international mobility of Indian team members as
Post-doc researchers, PhD scholars or on sabbatical for
visiting scientist assignments at world class labs based on
contacts established during the Lindau Meeting.
iii. DST-ICTP Agreement based Fellowship Program:Indian
young researchers were awarded "Fellowship" jointly by DST and
ICTP to participate in five ICTP scientific events
(Workshops,College, School etc) at Trieste during
April-December 2006. Usefulness of the Fellowship to the
individual Indian researcher as well as to on-going Indian
research, inspired by expertise gained at ICTP Workshops, is
evident from details given below:
-
ICTP Workshop on "Driven States in Soft & Biological
Matter" allowed (i) Exposure to forefront research on
understanding physics of non-equilibrium states in soft
material ( such a state arises from external stresses,
electronic or magnetic fields, thermal fluctuations etc);
(ii) Exposure to interesting problems being investigated
world-wide such as dislocation dynamics in colloidal
crystals using laser diffraction technique and laser
scanning confocal microscope, dynamics and functional role
of viscoelastic material within a living cell; (iii) New
insight on subject of doctoral work of Indian researchers
sent on Fellowship (from IIsc Bangalore)- Dynamics of
visco-elastic gels under shear ;Study of velocity
fluctuations in colloidal sedimentation; Development of new
models for molecular motors for applications in biology;
Short-listing of future research problems/ future line of
investigation of on-going research worth investigating by
Indian researchers sent of Fellowship (from RRI Bangalore,
IIT Madras )- Rheology of active suspensions such as role of
fluctuation of shear bands (interfaces ) in rheological
chaos, rheology of ageing gels,sedimentation of red blood
cells; Lattice Boltzmann model for active particles; (c)
Refining the scope of a proposal for research grant being
made by Indian researcher sent on Fellowship (from IIT
Bombay) on the topic"Dynamics of biopolymer FtSz, which is
responsible for generating contractile force during cell
division of a bacteria".
-
ICTP Workshop on "3-D Modeling of Seismic Waves
Generation, Propagation and their Invasion" provided (i)
exposure to fundamental techniques and recent developments
in solid earth geophysics; (ii) new insight relevant for
pursuit of doctoral work "Zonation of peak ground
acceleration and seismic hazard assessment of Guwahati &
Sikkim region" of Indian researcher sent on Fellowship(from
IIT Karagpur)- exposure to latest techniques such as finite
difference method, empirical green's function simulation,
wave number integration for mathematical modeling of
propagation of seismic waves in earth ; exposure to latest
software and data management for estimation of crustal
structure of earth using receiver function ad surface wave
dispersion.
-
ICTP Workshop on "Ion beam studies of nanomaterials:
synthesis, modifications and characterization" was useful to
the Indian researcher sent on Fellowship (from IUAC Delhi)
in fine-tuning of ongoing doctoral research on "Manipulation
of nanostructures by ion beam focused on silver particles
embedded in silica matrix " - to further investigate exact
origin of elongation of silver particles in silica matrix by
ion beam irradiation ; it also helped in elaboration of a
new application oriented experiment on non-linear optical
properties using ion beam irradiation .
-
ICTP College on "Non-Linear Differential Equations"
helped the Indian researcher sent on Fellowship (from Sikkim
Manipal Institute of Technology Sikkim) to (i) utilize new
tools of differential equation modeling (DEM) such as Degree
Theory Model ; Indian researcher so far had been using
Lyapunov tools for DEM purposes; (ii) move a request under
ICTP scheme for free on-line access to journals such as
Ecological Modeling Jr, Biosystems Jr., Jr. of Mathematical
Analysis & Application, Non-Linear Analysis: Real World
Problem Jr.
4.11 S&T Initiatives With Indian Diaspora: 2006-2007
STIO Program (New Initiative)
DST selected 27 collaborative projects for supporting
STIO's visits into India during 2006-2007 under its new
initiative "Collaborative Projects with Scientists &
Technologists of Indian Origin Abroad Program (CP-STIO
Program), with the help of High Level Peer Review Committee .
Those selected offer project based connectivity between home
country scientists and STIOs abroad in frontier areas of
science and cutting edge technologies for strengthening
institutional and human capacity & accelerating
achievement of goals set out in on-going nationally important
research . These "selected projects" focus on a range of
themes such as
-
Germanium nanotransistors , a technology for next
generation circuits for computer devices; Non Contact
Ultrasound (NCU) as new emerging Non Destructive Testing
(NDT) probe for materials analysis for India centric
application /needs of aerospace, automotive, power ,roadways
industries;.
-
Spintronic device-lateral spin valve fabrication, spin
transport in silicon;
-
Transdermal delivery of high molecular weight drug for
treating prostrate/breast/uterine cancer; Inducing spinal
cord regeneration in mammals (for cases affected by
neurodegenerative diseases and spinal cord injuries) based
on the process found in animal model-"zebra fish"
-
Improved and reliable diagnostic method for mass
screening of people for identification of thalessemia
carrier;.
-
Computational aeroeleasticity including prediction of
transonic flutter, understanding instability in aircraft and
possible solutions
-
Medicinal Chemistry training at post PhD level providing
modern context to drug discovery
-
Development of plasma technology for processing of
textile fibres which are advantageous in making textile
fibre hydrophilic,oil repellant and antimicrobial
-
Application of Weather Research & Forecast Model to
understand monsoon variability over Indian region
-
Indian Neutrino Observatory-Design & fabrication of
detectors & planning experiments + Theoretical basis of
electron acceleration in supernovae-stellar explosion+
investigations using atto second laser
4.12 INDIA- The Academy of Sciences for
the Developing World (TWAS) Cooperation in S&T
The Academy of Sciences for Developing Countries TWAS,
Trieste (founded in 1985) is an international non-governmental
scientific organization under the auspices of UNESCO
(Category-II Institute) with 700 fellows drawn from 83
countries. TWAS has endeavoured to execute its mission to
promote and support scientific capacity and excellence in
science in the developing countries of the South. Its
operational and secretariat expenses are borne out of interest
income from "TWAS Endowment Fund" of US$ 8 Million contributed
by 16 Governments (until 2005)
TWAS has facilitated India's presence and enlargement of
its direct influence for empowering scientists of Asia, Africa
and South America through the medium of scientific activities.
In an effort to proactively shoulder India's responsibility to
continually bolster TWAS as a voice of South, DST requested
INSA New Delhi for conducting an "Evaluation report on
benefits accruing from and impact generated by Government of
India contribution to TWAS" (April,2006); this report reveals
aspects including:
-
With 139 Indians as TWAS Fellows in a total of 700 TWAS
Fellows from 83 countries, one in every five TWAS Fellow is
from India;
-
Of the 120 TWAS Science Prizes, 27 TWAS Science Prizes
accounting for over 30% have been won by Indian scientists
during 1985-2005;
-
Of the 122 TWAS affiliated Centres of Excellence located
in various developing countries, 28 such TWAS Affiliated
Centres of Excellence are located in India (accounting for
23% share);
-
Of the 5 TWAS Regional Offices, the TWAS Regional Office
for South & Central Asia in India hosted by JNCASR
Bangalore. This Regional Office allows organization of TWAS
Meetings & Scientific in India offering excellent
opportunities for exposure of Indian scientists to status of
scientific capacity and common challenges typical to South
& Central Asia;
-
TWAS funding to Indian scientists and institutions has
been US$ 605,353 during 2000-2005 with 43 TWAS -UNESCO
Associateship Program grants, 35 TWAS Research Grants &
11 TWAS Science Prizes being the predominant type of
activities
This led to DST ,on behalf of Government of
India, making an afresh contribution of US$ 500,000 to "TWAS
Endowment Fund" in August 2006. India thus retains its
presence amongst the top three countries providing funds to
"TWAS Endowment Fund".
4.13 INDO-US S&T Forum
Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF) has been
functioning from 2000 year onwards to promote, catalyse and
seed bilateral collaboration in science ,engineering and
biomedical sciences through substantive interaction amongst
government, academia and industry. Its operative budget was
contributed by DST to the tune of Rs. 3.2 crores this year and
a matching interest grant from a US government endowment.
IUSSTF mobilized external cash inflow to the tune of Rs. 85
lakhs to support specific bilateral programmatic activities.
Some of the significant activities and opportunities
supported/created through proactive role played by IUSSTF
during 2006-07 are as follows:
-
The University of California - India R&D initiative
is built upon identifying 'grand challenges' and supporting
bilateral projects through partnership mechanism. The
US-India E-education program will enable faculty from 21 US
universities to impart pedagogical courses to 42 engineering
colleges in India linked through the ISRO Edusat. The
IUSSTF-MIT Internship program is designed to expose young
American graduates from MIT & Harvard to undertake
internship attachments in Indian R&D establishments.
Technopreneurship in academia program is aimed at promoting
entrepreneurship in Indian R&D institutions through
adopting the successful US models.
-
Indo-US Frontiers of Engineering Symposium (FOE-2006),
at Agra and planned Indo-US Frontiers of Science Symposium
(FOS-2007), Irvine, CA in partnership with the U.S. National
Academies has provided a unique platform to the best and
brightest young minds (below 45 years) from India and US to
interact and show case cutting edge scientific pursuits
across disciplines through a designed interactive format.
-
Five Knowledge R&D and Public-Private Networked
Centers have been established on Advanced and Futuristic
Manufacturing; Bioremediation and Phytomediation of
Chemopollutants; Development of nano-structured materials;
Tissue Engineering; and iGEON - India (Geological
Information Networking). The Centre concept is designed to
showcase leapfrogging capabilities that will be made
possible by synergistically integrating individual strengths
of partners;
-
IUSSTF supported 25 Indo-US symposium and workshops
.These events helped in disseminating information and
expertise sharing, leading to the development of long term
activities like joint research projects, academia-industry
linkages and inter-institutional educational programs. These
bilateral meetings have also helped to charter road maps and
contours of cooperation on topics like (i) Microlight air
vehicle development (National Aeronautical Laboratory &
University of Maryland) (ii) Primate national action plan
(Primate Research Council & US Wildlife and Fisheries
Agency) (iii) Indoflux program for biogeochemical flux
measurements (DST); (iv)Carbon sequestration (NGRI-NTPC
& U.S. PNWL); (v)Linear collider for high energy physics
(DST/DAE & U.S. DOE labs) and (vi)Weather & climate
modeling (IIT-NCMRWF & US NCAR).
4.14 Indo-French Centre For The Promotion
Of Advanced Research (IFCPAR/CEFIPRA)
Established jointly by Government of India and the
Government of France and budget shared equally between the two
Governments, , this Centre entered the 20th year of its
activities and is looked upon as a "Global Model" for
international bilateral cooperation in S&T. The highlights
and achievements are as follows:
-
77 collaborative research projects are under
implementation in topics of mutual interest and current
scientific relevance. Such as health care, environmental
sciences, materials science, nano sciences, biotechnology,
computer and information science, water management ; 170
scientists from India and France have completed their visits
;
-
On an average 100 research papers (arising from the
collaborative projects) have been published jointly in
international scientific journals with good impact factor;
-
2nd India-France Quiz: With a view to promote awareness
among the youngsters of both countries in each others
culture ,an "On Line Quiz " was organized on October 15,2006
in which about 2000 students participated;
-
Indo-French Training School in "Optical Astronomical
Observations" was held at IUCAA Pune on Feb.12-26,2007 which
is significant and beneficial in view of state of the art
optical telescopes with advanced instrumentation recently
acquired by India ;
-
New scientific information and knowledge generated under
the collaborative research projects that have concluded in
2006-2007 / which are on-going during 2006-2007 include
purification and fractionation of polycomb complex
regulating silencing work accomplished in the collaborat |